AYD engine — VW 1.6 (1.6L)
1.6L · 102 hp
Engine overview
Vehicles with this engine
Factory specifications
Values from the manufacturer documentation for this engine.
Engine (general)
| Engine code | AYD |
| Capacity | 1595 cc |
| Idle speed | 640 - 790 rpm |
| Automatic | 760 - 900 rpm |
| Normal | 10 - 13 bar |
| Minimum | 7.5 bar |
| Differential limit between cylinders | < 3 bar |
| Oil pressure | 2.7 - 4.5 / 2000 bar/rpm |
Engine (petrol)
| Fuel system (make and type) | Simos 3.3 |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Firing order | 1 - 3 - 4 - 2 |
| Spark plugs (make and type) | NGK BKUR6ET-10 Beru 14FGH-7 |
| Spark plug gap | 0.9 - 1.1 mm |
| Spark plugs (make and type) | PZFR 5 D - 11 |
| Spark plug gap | 1.0 - 1.1 mm |
| CO at fast-idle speed | 0.3 % |
| Fast-idle speed | 2500 - 3000 rpm |
| Oil temperature during test | 80 °C |
| Closed-loop test at: | 760 - 790 rpm |
| Closed-loop test at: | 760 - 900 rpm |
| Lambda | 0.970 - 1.030 |
| Lambda change (Delta Lambda) | 0.03 |
| Conditioning catalytic converter | 2 min |
Cooling system
| Cap pressure | 1.4 - 1.6 bar |
| Thermostat opens at | 86 °C |
| Stage 1 | 92 - 97 °C |
| Stage 2 | 99 - 105 °C |
Electrical
| Battery | 44 / 62 / 74 Ah |
| Alternator | 70 / 90 / 120 A |
Capacities
| Engine sump, incl. filter | 4.5 l |
| Manual transmission | 02J |
| Gearbox refill | 2.0 l |
| Automatic transmission | 01M |
| Gearbox refill | 3.0 l |
| Differential refill after overhaul | 0.75 l |
| Cooling system | 5.0 l |
| Air-conditioner refrigerant | 700 - 750 g |
| Air-conditioner compressor oil | 135 ± 15 ml |
Torque settings
| Cylinder head bolts — Stage 1 | 40 Nm |
| Cylinder head bolts — Stage 2 | 90 ° |
| Cylinder head bolts — Stage 3 | 90 ° |
| Spark plugs | 25 Nm |
| Flywheel | 60 Nm + 90° Nm |
| Main bearing cap | 65 Nm + 90° Nm |
| Big-end bearing cap | 30 Nm + 90° Nm |
| Oil plug | 30 Nm |
| Oxygen sensor | 50 Nm |
| Rear hub | 175 Nm |
| Wheel bolts | 120 Nm |
Emissions
| Emission code | 70/220*2001/100B |
| Emission standard | Euro 4 |
| CO2 average | 180 - 185 g/km |
| CO | 0.530 g/km |
| HC | 0.055 g/km |
| NOx | 0.031 g/km |
| Emission code | 70/220*2002/80B |
| CO2 average | 185 g/km |
| Emission code | 70/220*1999/102B |
| Emission code | 70/220*2001/1B |
Engine codes in the same family
The same code prefix usually means the same block with a different output, fuel or model year. Procedures are often shared — check the code on the engine plate.
Workshop procedures for this engine
Step-by-step procedures from the workshop database.
- Erasing learnt values and adapting engine control unit to throttle valve control part and exhaust gas recirculation valve
- Checking Lambda probe and Lambda regulation before catalytic converter
- Checking Lambda probe and Lambda regulation after catalytic converter
- Dismantling and assembling the engine
- Checking Lambda probe heating for Lambda probe before catalytic converter
- Dismantling and assembling piston and conrod
- Removing and installing fuel tank with its attachments and fuel filter
- Draining and filling coolant system – VW 1.6
- Checking Lambda probe ageing Lambda probe 1
- Checking Lambda probe heating for Lambda probe after catalytic converter
- Checking signal from power steering pressure switch
- Exhaust manifold, front exhaust pipe and catalytic converter with attachments
- Checking activated charcoal canister solenoid valve 1 – VW 1.6
- Removing and installing parts of the secondary air system
- Checking engine operating condition – VW 1.6 AYD/BFS
- VW 1.6 AWH/AYD cylinder head removal & torque
Got a AYD problem? Ask for free.
Describe the symptoms — TorqFix replies with a diagnosis cited from verified workshop data.
Get free diagnosis →Who makes these pages, and how
TorqFix was built by a mechanic — after a 2,700 km drive with five roadside repairs that no diagnostic tool could explain.
The figures on this page come from manufacturer workshop documentation and are shown as they are. The page is assembled automatically from that data — it is not written by an AI. The AI works in the chat, where it answers for your specific car. It writes nothing here.
Variants of the same model differ. Cross-check torque against the factory manual for your engine before final tightening.
Seen a figure that does not match your manual? Write to us — we correct it and note when. support@torqfix.com
The story behind TorqFix →Workshop data on this page last updated 22 Aug 2026.